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Chapter 11 — Keeping Time with the Skies189 based on the lunar calendar or the solar calendar or the luni- solar calendar. z Collect Gregorian calendars (the regular calendar you use every day) for the last five years with the help of your family members or teachers or the internet. For each year, look for the dates on which the festivals Eid-ul-Fitr and Diwali were celebrated and list them year wise in a tabular form. Do you notice that the date of Eid-ul-Fitr moves earlier each year — byabout11days?Ifyouhaveacorrespondinglunarcalendar at home or on the internet, check that the month and the day for Eid-ul-Fitr according to the lunar calendar remains the same. Does Diwali follow the same steady pattern, or are there some sudden jumps? Based on your chart, try to guess which year might have included an intercalary month (Adhikamaasa). Obtain a luni-solar calendar and confirm if there is an intercalary month between Diwali in the previous year and that year. Society Science z Every morning on your way to school, notice the direction in which the Sun rises. Decide on a spot and look towards east, Inter- disciplinary with trees, poles, or buildings acting as markers. Sketch the Projects eastern horizon in your notebook. For the next one year, at the start of each month, stand at the same spot and mark the Sun’s position on your sketch. Label it with the name of the month. At the end of the year analyse your sketch. Do you findthatthepositionsofsunriseshiftinparticulardirection? Can you identify it with the Uttarayaan and Dakshinayaan that our ancestors noticed? (Refer the ‘A step further’ box on page 181). A step further If you visit a place near the sea, you may notice that water levels rise and fall. The rise and fall of water levels are called tides. Tides also follow a regular pattern. If there’s a low or a high tide at a certain time on one day, a similar tide will come about 50 minutes later the next day. We also learnt that the Moon also rises about 50 minutes later each day. Careful observations show that tide levels are closely related to the Moon’s position and phase. I Reflect on the questions framed by your think ... Shouldn’t it friends and try to answer ... But we be ... thought ...Maybe ... ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... Reprint 2026-27