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MSME AND BUSINESS ENTREPRENEURSHIP 209 world, but they are not recognised as to the geographical origin of products trademarks in India. The registration ofand accord much care to the specific trademark is not mandatory under the characteristics present in the products Trademark Act 1999, but registration that they purchase. In some cases, of trademark helps establish exclusive there is a difference between “place of rights over the mark. To register origin” and “geographical indications” which suggests to consumers, that the the mark you can visit http://www. ipindia.nic.in which is the website of product will have a particular quality the Indian Trademark Registry. or characteristic, that they may value. Geographical Indication Patent A Geographical Indication (GI) is A patent is a type of IPR which protects the scientific inventions (products and primarily an indication which identifiesor process) which shows technical agricultural, natural or manufactured products (handicrafts, industrial advancement over the already known goods and food stuffs) originating products. A ‘patent’ is an exclusive from a definite geographical territory, right granted by the Government which provides the exclusive ‘right to where a given quality, reputation or other characteristic are essentially exclude’ all others and prevent them attributable to its geographical origin.from making, using, offering for sale, GIs are part of our collective and selling or importing the invention. For an invention to be patentable, intellectual heritage that need to it must be new, non-obvious to any be protected and promoted. Goods protected and registered as GI are person who is skilled in the relevant categorised into agricultural products, field of technology and must be capable of industrial application. natural, handicrafts, manufactured (i) It must be new, i.e., it should goods and food stuffs. Naga Mircha, not already exist in the current Mizo Chilli, Shaphee Lanphee, Moirangphee and Chakhesang Shawl, knowledge anywhere in the world. (ii) It must be non-obvious to any Bastar Dhokra, Warli Paintings, person who is skilled in the Darjeeling Tea, Kangra Painting, relevant field of technology. That Nagpur Orange, Banaras Brocades and Sarees, and Kashmir Pashmina is, the standard is a person reasonably skilled in such field are some of the examples of GIs. The of study (Inventive Step). importance of GIs has increasingly (iii) Finally, it must be capable of grown over the past few decades. GI industrialapplication,i.e.,capable represents collective goodwill of a of being used or manufactured in geographical region, which has built the industry. itself over centuries. Today, consumers Patent can only be filed to get are paying more and more attention rights over an invention and not Chapter 9.indd 209 Reprint 2026-27 20-02-2026 01:42:34