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Mnemonics of this kind are helpful because of remembered are increased. the framework you create while organisation (b) Minimise Interference : Interference, as we makes the retrieval task fairly easy. have read, is a major cause of forgetting and (a) Chunking : While describing the features therefore you should try to avoid it as much of short-term memory, we noted how chunking as possible. You know that maximum can increase the capacity of short-term interference is caused when very similar memory.Inchunking,severalsmallerunitsare materials are learned in a sequence. Avoid this. combined to form large chunks. For creating Arrange your study in such a way that you do chunks, it is important to discover some not learn similar subjects one after the other. organisation principles, which can link smaller Instead, pick up some other subject unrelated units. Therefore, apart from being a control to the previous one. If that is not possible, mechanism to increase the capacity of short- distribute your learning/practice. This means term memory, chunking can be used to giving yourself intermittent rest periods while improve memory as well. studying to minimise interference. (b) First Letter Technique : In order to employ (c) GiveYourselfenoughRetrievalCues :While the first letter technique, you need to pick up you learn something, think of retrieval cues the first letter of each word you want to inherent in your study material. Identify them remember and arrange them to form another and link parts of the study material to these word or a sentence. For example, colours of a cues. Cues will be easier to remember rainbow are remembered in this way compared to the entire content and the links (VIBGYOR- that stands for Violet, Indigo, Blue, youhavecreatedbetweencuesandthecontent Green, Yellow, Orange and Red). will facilitate the retrieval process. Mnemonic strategies for memory Thomas and Robinson have developed enhancement are too simplistic and perhaps another strategy to help students in underestimate complexities of memory tasks remembering more which they called the and difficulties people experience while methods of PQRST. This acronym stands for memorising. In place of mnemonics, a more Preview, Question, Read, Self-recitation, and comprehensive approach to memory Test. Preview refers to giving a cursory look at improvement has been suggested by many the chapter and familiarising oneself with its psychologists. In such an approach, emphasis contents. Question means raising questions is laid on applying knowledge about memory andseekinganswersfromthelesson.Nowstart processes to the task of memory improvement. reading and look for answers of questions you Let us examine some of these suggestions. had raised. After reading try to rewrite what It is suggested that one must : you have read and at the end test how much (a) Engage in Deep Level Processing : If you you have been able to understand. want to memorise any information well, engage At the end, a note of caution must be in deep level processing. Craik and Lockhart sounded.Thereisnoonemethodthatcansolve have demonstrated that processing information in terms of meaning that they all problems related to retention and bring convey leads to better memory as compared to about an overnight memory improvement. In order to improve your memory, you need to attending to their surface features. Deep attend to a wide variety of factors which affect processing would involve asking as many your memory such as your health status, your questions related to the information as possible, considering its meaning and interest and motivation, your familiarity with examining its relationships to the facts you the subject matter and so on. In addition, you must learn to use strategies for memory already know. In this way, the new information improvement depending upon the nature of will become a part of your existing knowledge framework and the chances that it will be memory tasks you are required to accomplish. 107 Chapter 6 • Human Memory Reprint 2026-27