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24 STATISTICS FOR ECONOMICS them as a table, they may appear Table 3.2 something like Table 3.1. Monthly Household Expenditure (in Rupees) on Food of 50 Households TABLE 3.1 1904 1559 3473 1735 2760 Marks in Mathematics Obtained by 100 Students in an Examination 2041 1612 1753 1855 4439 5090 1085 1823 2346 1523 47 45 10 60 51 56 66 100 49 40 1211 1360 1110 2152 1183 60 59 56 55 62 48 59 55 51 41 1218 1315 1105 2628 2712 42 69 64 66 50 59 57 65 62 50 4248 1812 1264 1183 1171 64 30 37 75 17 56 20 14 55 90 1007 1180 1953 1137 2048 62 51 55 14 25 34 90 49 56 54 2025 1583 1324 2621 3676 70 47 49 82 40 82 60 85 65 66 1397 1832 1962 2177 2575 49 44 64 69 70 48 12 28 55 65 1293 1365 1146 3222 1396 49 40 25 41 71 80 0 56 14 22 66 53 46 70 43 61 59 12 30 35 thenyouhavetofirstarrangethemarks 45 44 57 76 82 39 32 14 90 25 of 100 students either in ascending or in descending order. That is a tedious Or you could have collected data task.Itbecomesmoretedious,ifinstead on the monthly expenditure on food of 50 households in your neighbourhood of 100 you have the marks of 1,000 students to handle. Similarly, in Table to know their average expenditure on food. The data collected, in that case, 3.2, you would note that it is difficult had you presented as a table, would for you to ascertain the average monthly expenditure of 50 have resembled Table 3.2. Both Tables 3.1 and 3.2 are raw or unclassified households. And this difficulty will go data. In both the tables you find that up manifold if the number was larger — say, 5,000 households. Like our kabadiwallah, who would be distressed to find a particular item when his junk becomes large and disarranged, you would face a similar situation when you try to get any information from raw data that are large. In one word, therefore, it is a tedious task to pull information from large unclassified data. The raw data are summarised, and made comprehensible by classification. Whenfactsofsimilarcharacteristicsare placed in the same class, it enables one numbers are not arranged in any order. to locate them easily, make Now if you are asked for the highest comparison, and draw inferences marks in mathematics from Table 3.1 without any difficulty. You have Reprint 2026-27