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INDIA – LOCATION 5 Name a few places in India through which the geographical coast of the mainland plus the standard meridian passes? island groups Andaman and Nicobar located India with its area of 3.28 million sq. km in the Bay of Bengal and the Lakshadweep in accounts for 2.4 per cent of the world’s land the Arabian Sea. Thus India, as a country, is surface area and stands as the seventh a physically diverse land providing occurrence largest country in the world. Find out the of varied resources. names of the countries which are larger than India. Do you Remember? School Bhuvan NCERT is a portal providing map-based learning to bring S IZE awareness among the students about The size of India has endowed her with great country’s natural resources, physical diversity. Thus, you may appreciate environment and their role in the presence of lofty mountains in the north; sustainable development. It is an large rivers such as Ganga, Brahmaputra, initiative of Bhuvan-NRSC/ISRO, Mahanadi, Krishna, Godavari and Kaveri; based on NCERT syllabus. green forested hills in northeast and south You can explore various maps of India India; and the vast sandy expanse of on http://bhuvan-app1.nrsc.gov.in/ Marusthali. You may further appreciate that mhrd_ncert/ bounded by the Himalayas in the north, Hindukush and Sulaiman ranges in the north- INDIA AND ITS NEIGHBOURS west, Purvachal hills in the north-east and by the large expanse of the Indian ocean in the Examine the location map of India (Figure 1.2). You will notice that India is located in the south,itformsagreatgeographicentityknown south-central part of the continent of Asia, as the Indian subcontinent. It includes the bordering the Indian ocean and its two arms countries — Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and India. The Himalayas, extending in the form of Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea. This maritime location of together with other ranges, have acted as a Peninsular India has provided links to its formidable physical barrier in the past. Except neighbouring regions through the sea and air for a few mountain passes such as the Khyber, routes. the Bolan, the Shipkila, the Nathula, the Prepare a list of India’s neighbouring Bomdila, etc. it was difficult to cross it. It hacountries by consulting the map. contributed towards the evolving of a unique Sri Lanka and Maldives are the two island regional identity of the Indian subcontinent. countries located in the Indian Ocean, which By referring to the physical map of India areourneighbours. SriLankaisseparatedfrom you can now describe the physical variations India by the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Strait. which you would come across while travelling from Kashmir to Kanniyakumari and from Differentiate between a Gulf and a Strait. Jaisalmer in Rajasthan to Imphal in Manipur. Do you think that physical barrier is a Peninsular part of India extends towards hindranceininteractionwithourneighbouring the Indian Ocean. This has provided the countries in modern times? Give some country with a coastline of 6,100 km in the examples how we have overcome these mainland and 7,517 km in the entire difficulties in the present day. Activity: Observe the map of India on an atlas/School Bhuvan NCERT portal and collect information about states/districts/villages located near the international border of India. 2026-27