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56 C omputerScienc– Classxi Think and Reflect Nowadays, countless computational nodes ranging from hand-held mobile devices to personal computers How can some of and workstations are connected to LAN or Internet. the emerging trends discussed in this Therefore, it is economically feasible to reuse or utilise chapter be used as their resources like memory as well as processing power. assistive tools for people with disabilities? Thegridprovidesanopportunitytosolvecomputationally intense scientific and research problems without actually procuring a costly hardware. Grid can be of two types — (i) Data grid, used to manage large and distributed data having required multi-user access, and (ii) CPU or Processor grid, where processing is moved from one PC to another as needed or a large task is divided into subtasks and divided to various nodes for parallel processing. Grid computing is different from IaaS cloud service. In case of IaaS cloud service, there is a service provider who rents the required infrastructure to the users. Whereas in grid computing, multiple computing nodes join together to solve a common computational problem. To set up a grid, by connecting numerous nodes in terms of data as well as CPU, a middleware is required to implement the distributed processor architecture. The Globus toolkit (http://toolkit.globus.org/toolkit) is one such software toolkit used for building grids, and it is open source. It includes software for security, resource management, data management, communication, fault detection, etc. 3.7 B lockchai ns Traditionally, we perform digital transactions by storing data in a centralised database and the transactions performed are updated one by one on the database. That is how the ticket booking websites or banks operate. However, since all the data are stored on a central location, there are chances of data being hacked or lost. The blockchain technology works on the concept of decentralisedandshareddatabasewhereeachcomputer has a copy of the database. A block can be thought as a secured chunk of data or valid transaction. Each block has some data called its header, which is visible to every other node, while only the owner has access to the private data of the block. Such blocks form a chain Reprint 2026-27