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22 Health and Physical Education - XI field of education and health to overcome various difficulties Activity 2.3 faced by the differently-abled individuals and their families. •• Prepare a chart on the Disability Act 2016. The focus is on ‘inclusive development’ for the welfare of •• Observe your surroundings differently-abled persons which is an important milestone and analyse how far the actowards sustainable development. has been implemented. •• List the actions you can Health Status of Children in India at a Glance take and share with your classmates. •• At all India level, the sex ratio in the age groups 0–6 years and 0–14 years are 918 and 916 respectively whereas it •• Collect information about is 943 for all ages and also is not favourable to females in variousprogrammes and schemes for differently-abled many of the States and UTs. individualsandshareitinthe •• As per Sample Registration System (SRS)-2016, there has morning assembly. been substantial reduction in the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) at all India level from 46 in 2011 to 34 in 2016. Among the bigger States and UTs, IMR varies widely from 10 in Kerala to 47 in Madhya Pradesh. The IMR for female has been reported at 36 against 33 for male. •• Under-five Mortality Rate (U5MR) estimated at 39 for 2016 at all India level varies significantly in rural (43) and urban areas (Data). Among the bigger States and UTs, U5MR varies from 11 in Kerala to 55 in Madhya Pradesh. •• At all India level, 28 per cent of children had mild anaemia, 29 per cent had moderate anaemia, and 2 per cent had severe anaemia in 2015–16. •• National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) (2015–16) shows that at all India level, 38 per cent of children under five years of age are stunted (too short height for their age) which is an improvement from 48 per cent in 2005–06. It is higher among children in rural areas (41%) than that of urban areas (31%). •• Five states with higher prevalence of stunting in children under five years age are Bihar (48%), Uttar Pradesh (46%), Jharkhand (45%), and Meghalaya (44%), whereas it is lowest in Kerala and Goa (20% in each). •• At all India level, 21 per cent of children under five years age are wasted. It varies in the range of 6 per cent in Mizoram to 29 per cent in Jharkhand. •• The prevalence of anaemia among children in age group 6–59 months is highest among children in Haryana (72%) and lowest in Mizoram (19%). •• At all India level, 62 per cent of children of age 12–23 months received all basic vaccinations at any time before the NFHS -4, and 54 per cent received all basic vaccinations by 12 months of age. Reprint 2026-27