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indicating a perfect harmony between the body and mind, human and nature. According to modern scientists, everything in the universe is just a manifestation of the same quantum firmament. One who experiences this oneness of existence is said to be in Yoga, and the practitioner is termed as a yogi, having attained a state of freedom referred to as mukti, nirvana or mokṣa. H istory and D evelopment of Y oga The practice of Yoga is believed to have started with the Maharishi Patanjali Source: https://encrypted- tbn0. dawn of civilisation. The science of Yoga originated gstatic.com/ images?q=tbn: thousands of years ago, long before the first religious belief ANd9GcRqpHHuNS58HyMQZ0 systems were born. Yoga believes that suffering is a fact and wbKFAojuvjc1kA1p4AAZpfobKda WdGtxjj avidyā (ignorance) is the root cause of all sufferings. Yoga has originated and been developed by ancient Indian rishis to overcome all kinds of suffering of human beings and its root cause. Yogic practices lead to health, harmony and total freedom. The ṛṣis and sages carried this yogic knowledge to different parts of the world including Asia, the Middle East, Northern Africa and South America. Archaeological findings such as Yogi-like figure engraved on soapstone seal verified the existence of Yoga culture which is beyond 5000 years. Thus the history of Yoga can be traced back to over 5000 years. The history and development of Yoga can be divided into following periods. Pre-Vedic Period The history of Yoga can be traced back to pre-vedic period. The study of the history of Indus Valley Civilisation reveals that the practices of Yoga was one of the significant features during that period. Yoga is being widely consideredasan‘immortalcultural outcome’ of Indus Sarasvati Valley Carving on Stones of Yoga Mudrā During Indus Valley Civilisationion — dating back to 2700 Source: https://i.pinimg.com/originals/ac/e4/39/ ace4397b7 3271e96 9fe1bbf42e03d473.jpg B.C., it has proved itself catering to both material and spiritual upliftment of humanity. The stones seals excavated from the sites of the Indus Valley Civilisation depicting figures in yogic postures indicated that Yoga was being practised even during 3000 B.C. The idol of Pashupati in yogic postures is one of such specimens. Knowledge Traditions aPractices Indi — ClassXI 156 Reprint 2026-27