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Standard Census Definition Religion and Landscape Main Worker is a person who works for Formal expression of religions on atleast 183 days ( or six months) in a year. landscape is manifested through sacred structures, use of cemetries and Marginal Worker is a person who works for assemblagesofplantsandanimals,groves lessthan183days(orsixmonths)inayear. of trees for religious purposes. Sacred structuresarewidelydistributedthroughout per cent (2011) leaving a vast majority of about the country. These may range from 60 per cent as non-workers. This indicates an inconspicuousvillageshrinestolargeHindu economic status in which there is a larger temples, monumental masjids or ornately proportion of dependent population, further designed cathedrals in large metropolitan indicating possible existence of large number of cities.Thesetemples,masjids,gurudwaras, monastries and churches differ in size, unemployed or under employed people. form, space – use and density, while What is work participation rate? attributing a special dimension to the total landscape of the area. The proportion of working population, of the states and Union Territories show a variation from about 29.1 per cent in The Christian population is distributed mostly in rural areas of the country. The main Lakshdweeptoabout51.9percentinHimachal concentration is observed along the Western Pradesh. The states with larger percentages of coast around Goa, Kerala and also in the hill workers are Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, states of Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur and Chotanagpur area and Hills of Manipur. Sikhs are mostly concentrated in relativelyMeghalaya.AmongtheUnionTerritories,Dadra small area of the country, particularly in the and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu have higher participation rate. It is understood that, states of Punjab, Haryana and Delhi. in the context of a country like India, the work JainsandBuddhists,thesmallestreligious participationratetendstobehigherintheareas groups in India have their concentration only in selected areas of the country. Jains have of lower levels of economic development since major concentration in the urban areas of number of manual workers are needed to perform the subsistence or near subsistence Rajasthan,GujaratandMaharashtra,whilethe economic activities. Buddhists are concentrated mostly in The occupational composition (see box) Maharashtra. The other areas of Buddhist majority are Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, of India’s population (which actually means engagement of an individual in farming, Ladakh in Jammu & Kashmir, Tripura, and manufacturing, trade, services or any kind of Lahul and Spiti in Himachal Pradesh. professional activities) show a large proportion The other religions of India include of primary sector workers compared to Zoroastrians, tribal and other indigenous faiths and beliefs. These groups are concentrated in secondary and tertiary sectors. About 54.6 per cent of total working population are cultivators smallpocketsscatteredthroughoutthecountry. and agricultural labourers, whereas only 3.8% of workers are engaged in household industries Composition of Working Population and 41.6 % are other workers including non- The population of India according to their household industries, trade, commerce, economic status is divided into three groups, construction and repair and other services. As namely; main workers, marginal workers and far as the occupation of country’s male and non-workers. female population is concerned, male workers It is observed that in India, the proportion out-number female workers in all the three ofworkers(bothmainandmarginal)isonly39.8 sectors (Fig.1.4 and Table 1.4). Population: Distribution, Density, Growth and Composition 11 Reprint 2026-27