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ASSESSM ENT OF PERSONALITY her/him about herself/himself. This led to the use of self-report measures. These are To know, understand and describe people fairly structured measures, often based on is a task in which everybody is involved in theory, that require subjects to give verbal day-to-day life. When we meet new people, responses using some kind of rating scale. we often try to understand them and even The method requires the subject to predict what they may do before we objectively report her/his own feelings with interact with them. In our personal lives, respect to various items. The responses are we rely on our past experiences, accepted at their face value. They are observations, conversations and infor- scored in quantitative terms and mation obtained from other persons. This interpreted on the basis of norms approach to understanding others may be developed for the test. Some of the well- influenced by a number of factors that may known self-report measures are briefly colour our judgement and reduce described below. objectivity. Hence, we need to organise our efforts more formally to analyse The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality personalities. A formal effort aimed at Inventory (MMPI) understanding personality of an individual is termed as personality assessment. This inventory is widely used as a test in Assessment refers to the procedures personality assessment. Hathaway and McKinley developed this test as a helping used to evaluate or differentiate people on tool for psychiatric diagnosis, but the test the basis of certain characteristics. The has been found very effective in identifying goal of assessment is to understand and predict behaviour with minimum error and varieties of psychopathology. Its revised maximum accuracy. In assessment, we try version is available as MMPI-2. It consists of 567 statements. The subject has to judge to study what a person generally does, or each statement as ‘true’ or ‘false’ for her/ how s/he behaves, in a given situation. Besides promoting our understanding, him. The test is divided into 10 subscales, assessment is also useful for diagnosis, which seek to diagnose hypochondriasis, training, placement, counselling, and other depression, hysteria, psychopathic purposes. deviate, masculinity-femininity, paranoia, psychasthenia, schizophrenia, mania and Psychologists have tried to assess personality in various ways. The social introversion. In India, Mallick and most commonly used techniques are Joshi have developed the Jodhpur Psychometric Tests, Self-Report Multiphasic Personality Inventory (JMPI) Measures, Projective Techniques, and along the lines of MMPI. Behavioural Analysis. These techniques Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) are rooted in different theoretical orientations; hence they throw light on Developed by Eysenck this test initially different aspects of personality. You have assessed two dimensions of personality, read about psychometric tests in the called introverted-extraverted and previous chapter. We will discuss the other emotionally stable-emotionally unstable. methods. These dimensions are characterised by 32 personality traits. Later on, Eysenck added Self-report Measures a third dimension, called psychoticism. It It was Allport who suggested that the best is linked to psychopathology that method to assess a person is by asking represents a lack of feeling for others, a 42 Psychology Reprint 2026-27