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Frankl calls this process of finding client’s experience as if it were her/his meaning even in life-threatening own, is warm and has unconditional circumstances as the process of meaning positive regard, i.e. total acceptance of making. The basis of meaning making is the client as s/he is. Empathy sets up a person’s quest for finding the spiritual an emotional resonance between the truth of one’s existence. Just as there is therapist and the client. Unconditional an unconscious, which is the repository positive regard indicates that the of instincts (see Chapter 2), there is a positive warmth of the therapist is not spiritual unconscious, which is the dependent on what the client reveals or storehouse of love, aesthetic awareness, does in the therapy sessions. This and values of life. Neurotic anxieties ariseunique unconditional warmth ensures when the problems of life are attached to that the client feels secure and can the physical, psychological or spiritual trust the therapist. The client feels aspects of one’s existence. Frankl secure enough to explore her/his emphasised the role of spiritual anxieties feelings. The therapist reflects the in leading to meaninglessness and hence feelings of the client in a non- it may be called an existential anxiety, judgmental manner. The reflection is i.e. neurotic anxiety of spiritual origin. achieved by rephrasing the statements The goal of logotherapy is to help the of the client, i.e. seeking simple patients to find meaning and clarifications to enhance the meaning of responsibility in their life irrespective ofthe client’s statements. This process of their life circumstances. The therapist reflection helps the client to become emphasises the unique nature of the integrated. Personal relationships patient’s life and encourages them to find improve with an increase in adjustment. meaning in their life. In essence, this therapy helps a client In Logotherapy, the therapist is open to become her/his real self with the and shares her/his feelings, values and therapist working as a facilitator. his/her own existence with the client. The emphasis is on here and now. Gestalt Therapy Transference is actively discouraged. The The German word gestalt means ‘whole’. therapist reminds the client about the This therapy was given by Freiderick immediacy of the present. The goal is to facilitate the client to find the meaning (Fritz) Perls together with his wife Laura Perls. The goal of gestalt therapy is to of her/his being. increase an individual’s self-awareness and self-acceptance. The client is taught Client-centred Therapy to recognise the bodily processes and the emotions that are being blocked out from Client-centred therapy was given by Carl Rogers. Rogers combined scientific awareness. The therapist does this by rigour with the individualised practice encouraging the client to act out of client-centred psychotherapy. Rogers fantasies about feelings and conflicts. brought into psychotherapy the concept This therapy can also be used in of self, with freedom and choice as the group settings. core of one’s being. The therapy provides Factors Contributing to Healing in a warm relationship in which the client can reconnect with her/his Psychotherapy disintegrated feelings. The therapist As we have read, psychotherapy is a shows empathy, i.e. understanding the treatment of psychological distress. There 99 Chapter 5 • Therapeutic Approaches Reprint 2026-27