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Cultural Change In other words it means that people are influenced not just by local but universal contexts. How you behave, A ctivity 2.6 what you think is no longer decided by your family or tribe or caste or community. What job you wish to do is Take any matrimonial column decided not by the job your parent does, but by what from any newspaper or websites you wish to do. Work gets based on choice, not birth. On whom you are depend on what you achieve, not by like shaadi.com and try and see who you are. A scientific attitude gains ground. the pattern. How often is caste or community mentioned? If it is In the modern west,secularisation has usually meant a process of decline in the influence of religion. It has mentioned many times does it mean that caste continues to play been an assumption of all theorists of modernisation the same kind of role as it did that modern societies become increasingly secular. traditionally?Orhastheroleofcaste Indicators of secularisation have referred to levels of involvement with religious organisations, the social and changed? Discuss. material influence of religious organisations, and the degree to which people hold religious beliefs. Recent years have, however, seen an unprecedented growth of religious consciousness and conflict world over. However even in the past, a view that assumed that modern ways would necessarily lead to decline in religious ways has not been entirely true. You will recall how western and modern forms of communication, organisation and ideas led to the emergence of new kinds of religious reform organisations. Furthermore, a considerable part of ritual in India has direct reference to the pursuit of secular ends. Ritualshavealsoseculardimensionsasdistinctfromseculargoals. They provide men and women with occasions for socialising with A ctivity 2.7 their peers and superiors, and for showing off the family’s wealth, clothing and jewellery. During the last few decades in particuObserve advertisements during theeconomic,politicalandstatusdimensionsofritualhavebecome traditional festivals such as increasinglyconspicuous,andthenumberofcarslinedupoutside Diwali, Durga Puja, Ganesh aweddinghouseandtheVIPswhoattendedthewedding,provide Puja, Dusserah, Karwa Chauth, the index to the household’s standing in the local community. Id, Christmas. Collect different advertisements from the print There has also been considerable debate about what is seen by some as secularisation of caste. What does media. Watch the electronic media this mean? In traditional India caste system operated also. Note what the messages within a religious framework. Belief systems of purity of these advertisements are about. and pollution were central to its practice. Today it often functions as political pressure groups. Contemporary India has seen such formation of caste associations and caste based political parties. They seek to press upon the state their demands. Such a changed role of caste has been described as secularisation of caste. The box below illustrates this process. 27 Reprint 2026-27