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172 Business Studies among the people and helps to benefits to fulfill his personal achieve balance among various needs. The organisation may groups, activities and the expect employees to improve departments. productivity to achieve expected profits. But, good directing should P rinciples of D irecting provide harmony by convincing Providing good and effective directing that employee rewards and work is a challenging task as it involves efficiency are complimentary to many complexities. A manager has each other. to deal with people with diverse (iii) UnityofCommand:Thisprinciple background, and expectations. This insists that a person in the complicates the directing process. organisation should receive Certain guiding principles of directing instructions from one superior may help in directing process. These only. If instructions are received principles are briefly explained below: from more than one, it creates (i) Maximum individual contribution: confusion, conflict and disorder This principle emphasises that in the organisation. Adherence directing techniques must help to this principle ensures effective everyindividualintheorganisation direction. to contribute to his maximum (iv) Appropriateness of direction tech potential for achievement of nique: According to this principle, organisational objectives. It should appropriate motivational and bring out untappted energies of leadership technique should be employees for the efficiency of used while directing the people organisation. For example, a good based on subordinate needs, motivation plan with suitable capabilities, attitudes and other monetary and non-monetary situational variables. For example, rewards can motivate an employee for some people money can act as to contribute his maximum efforts powerfulmotivatorwhileforothers for the organisation as he or she promotion may act as effective may feel that their efforts will bring motivator. them suitable rewards. (v) Managerial communication: Effe (ii) Harmony of objectives: Very often, ctive managerial communication wefindthatindividualobjectivesof across all the levels in the employees and the organisational organisation makes direction objectives as understood are effective. Directing should convey conflicting to each other. For clear instructions to create total example, an employee may expect understanding to subordinates. attractive salary and monetary Through proper feedback, the Reprint 2026-27