Class name Subject Book title Chapter number Content Created at
Class XI Biology Biology 18 + + + + + + + + + + Figure 18.2 Diagrammatic representation of impulse conduction through an axon (at points A and B) becomes negatively charged an...
Class XI Biology Biology 18 more responsive to further stimulation. Reprint 2026-27 234 B IOLOGY 18.3.2 Transmission of Impulses A nerve impulse is transmitted from one neuron...
Class XI Biology Biology 18 central information processing organ of our body, and acts as the ‘command and control system’. It controls the voluntary movements, balance of the...
Class XI Biology Biology 2 of Reprint 2026-27 22 BIOLOGY E XERCISES 1. Discuss how classification systems have undergone several changes over a period of time? 2. State two e...
Class XI Biology Biology 18 opaquewhiteappearancetothelayerand,hence,iscalledthewhitematter. The cerebrum wraps around a structure called thalamus, which is a major coordinati...
Class XI Biology Biology 18 along the axon membrane in the form of a wave of depolarisation and repolarisation. A synapse is formed by the membranes of a pre-synaptic neuron a...
Class XI Biology Biology 18 4. Draw labelled diagrams of the following: (a) Neuron (b) Brain 5. Write short notes on the following: (a) Neural coordination (b) Forebrain (c) M...
Class XI Biology Biology 19 C HEMICALC OORDINATION ANINTEGRATION 239 C HAPTER 1 9 C HEMICAL C OORDINATION AND INTEGRATION 19.1 Endocrine You have already learnt that the neura...
Class XI Biology Biology 19 structure and Adrenal functions of all major endocrine glands and hypothalamus of the human body is given in the following sections. 19.2.1 The Hyp...
Class XI Biology Biology 19 distalis. Neurohypophysis (pars nervosa) also known as posterior pituitary, storesFigure 19.2 Diagrammatic representation of pituitary and its rela...
Class XI Biology Biology 19 asantidiuretic hormone (ADH). AnimpairmentaffectingsynthesisorreleaseofADH results in a diminished ability of the kidney to conserve water leading ...
Class XI Biology Biology 19 loss, also called Graves’ disease. Thyroid hormones play an important role in the regulation of the basal metabolic rate. These hormones also suppo...
Class XI Biology Biology 19 the adrenal medulla, and outside this lies the adrenal cortex (Figure 19.4 b). Underproduction of hormones by the adrenal cortex alters carbohydrat...
Class XI Biology Biology 19 Diabetic patients are successfully treated with insulin therapy. 19.2.9 Testis A pair of testis is present in the scrotal sac (outside abdomen) of ...
Class XI Biology Biology 19 AND G ASTROINTESTINAL TRACT Now you know about the endocrine glands and their hormones. However, as mentioned earlier, hormones are also secreted b...
Class XI Biology Biology 19 divided into groups : (i) peptide, polypeptide, protein hormones (e.g., insulin, glucagon, pituitary hormones, hypothalamic hormones, etc.) (ii) st...
Class XI Biology Biology 19 erythropoiesis, metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats, menstrual cycle. Another thyroid hormone, i.e., thyrocalcitonin regulates calcium l...
Class XI Biology Biology 19 in digestion. Reprint 2026-27 C HEMICAL C OORDINATION AND INTEGRATION 251 E XERCISES 1. Define the following: (a) Exocrine gland (b) Endocrine glan...
Class XI Biology Biology 2 10 B IOLOGY C HAPTER 2 B IOLOGICAL C LASSIFICATION 2.1 KingdomMonera Since the dawn of civilisation, there have been many attempts to classify 2.2 ...
Class XI Biology Biology 2 Fungi Plantae Animalia Cell type Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Eukaryotic Eukaryotic Eukaryotic Cell wall Noncellulosic Present in Present Present (Polysa...
Class XI Biology Biology 2 classifications, were placed in different kingdoms. This happened because the criteria for classification changed. This kind of changes will take p...
Class XI Biology Biology 2 animals such as cows and buffaloes and they are responsible for the production of methane (biogas) from the dung of these animals. 2.1.2 Eubacteria...
Class XI Biology Biology 2 and other membrane-bound organelles. Some have flagella or cilia. Protists reproduce asexually and sexually by a process involving cell fusion and ...
Class XI Biology Biology 2 Interestingly, the pigments of euglenoids are identical to those present in higher plants. Example: Euglena (Figure 2.4b). 2.2.4 Slime Moulds Slime...
Class XI Biology Biology 2 seen on mustard leaves are due to a parasitic fungus. Some unicellular fungi, e.g., yeast are used to make bread and beer. Other fungi cause diseas...