Class name Subject Book title Chapter number Content Created at
Class XII Physics Physics Part-II 6 the depletion region widens due to the change in the electric field. The effective barrier height under reverse bias is (V0+ V ), [Fig. 14.15(b)]. ...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-II 6 if the forward current exceeds the rated value. The circuit arrangement for studying the V-I characteristics of a diode, (i.e., the variation of cu...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-II 6 p-n junction diode primerly allows the flow of current only in one direction (forward bias). The forward bias resistance is low as compared to the ...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-II 6 the transformer. So for a full-wave rectifier the secondary of the transformer is provided with a centre tapping and so it is called centre-tap tra...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-II 6 a steady value. To get steady dc output from the pulsating voltage normally a capacitor is connected across the output terminals (parallel to the l...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-II 6 2. Lattice structure and the atomic structure of constituent elements decide whether a particular material will be insulator, metal or semiconducto...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-II 6 g between the top of valence band (E ) andVthe bottom of the conduction band E . TCe electrons from valence band can be excited by Reprint 2025-26 ...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-II 6 In compound semiconductors, the change in relative stoichiometric ratio can also change the type of semiconductor. For example, in ideal GaAs the r...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-II 6 the above. 14.6 In half-wave rectification, what is the output frequency if the input frequency is 50 Hz. What is the output frequency of a full-wa...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 7 Chapter Seven ALTERNATING CURRENT 7.1 I NTRODUCTION sources. These currents do not change direction with time. But voltages dc and currents that va...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 7 andω is its angular frequency. Nicola Tesla (1856 – 1943) Serbian-American ) scientist, inventor and 3 genius. He conceived the 9 idea of the rotat...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 7 during each cycle. Thus, the sum of the instantaneous current values over one complete cycle is zero, and the average current 178 is zero. The fact...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 7 as dc power and enlisted the services ( (P = I R), a special value of current is defined and used. of Nicola Tesla and 8 It is called, root mean sq...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 7 rms value with a peak voltage of vm= 2 V = (1.414)(220 V) = 311 V In fact, the I or rms current is the equivalent dc current that would produce the...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 7 I represent the amplitudes or the peak values vmand i mf these oscillating quantities. Figure 7.4(a) shows the FIGURE 7.4 (a) A phasor diagram for ...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 7 corresponding magnitudes and directions. The rotating vectors that represent harmonically varying scalar quantities are introduced only to provide ...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 7 t a m The amplitude of the current is, then i n a . im = v m e w X L (7.14) t w r : The dimension of inductive reactance is the same as that of res...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 7 ωt) So, the average power over a complete cycle is P = − m vm sin(2ω t) L 2 i v = − m m sin(2ω t) = 0, since the average of sin (2 t) over a comple...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 7 time t. The instantaneous voltage v across the capacitor is q v = (7.15) C From the Kirchhoff’s loop rule, the voltage across the source and the ca...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 7 to the capacitor is pc= i v =m cos(ω t)m sin(ωt) = m m cos( ωt) sinωt) =im m sin(2ωt) 2 (7.19) So, as in the case of an inductor, the average power...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 7 A) =1.47A E This current oscillates between +1.47A and –1.47 A, and is ahead of P the voltage by p/2. M X If the frequency is doubled, the capaciti...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 7 method, we solve connected to an ac source. Eq. (7.20) analytically to obtain the time– 186 dependence of i. Reprint 2026-27 Alternating Current 7....
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 7 magnitude ‰v Cm – v Lm Since V is represented as the hypotenuse of a right-triangle whose sides are V and (R + V ), Che L pythagorean theorem gives...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 7 obtained the amplitude andphaseofcurrentforanLCRseriescircuit using the technique of phasors. But this method of analysing ac circuits suffers from...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 7 current amplitude is given by i = vm = vm m Z 2 2 R + X −CX L) withX c1/ wCandX = L wL.Soif w isvaried,thenataparticularfrequency 2 2 w0, Xc= X L a...