Class name Subject Book title Chapter number Content Created at
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 8 Thus, the velocity of light depends on electric and magnetic properties of the medium. We shall see in the next chapter that the refractive index o...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 8 10–8kˆT h Example 8.2 The magnetic field in a plane electromagnetic wave is i e given by –7 T sin (0.5×10 x+1.5×10 t). e n By= (2 × 10 ) o i (a) Wh...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 8 briefly describe these different types of electromagnetic waves, in 208 order of decreasing wavelengths. Reprint 2026-27 Electromagnetic Waves FIGU...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 8 CO ,NH , also absorb 2 3 infrared waves). After absorption, their thermal motion increases, that is, they heat up and heat their surroundings. Infr...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 8 altitude of about 40 – 50 km. UV light in large quantities has harmful effects on humans. Exposure to UV radiation induces the production of more m...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 8 overlaps. T ABLE 8.1 D IFFERENT TYPES OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES Type Wavelength range Production Detection Radio > 0.1 m Rapid acceleration and Rece...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 8 the electromagnetic wave. For a wave of frequency n, wavelength l, propagating along z-direction, we have E = E (t) = E sin (kz – w t ) x 0 = E sin...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 8 2026-27 Electromagnetic Waves POINTS TO PONDER 1. The basic difference between various types of electromagnetic waves lies in their wavelengths or ...
Class XII Physics Physics Part-I 8 capacitor? Explain. FIGURE 8.5 8.2 A parallel plate capacitor (Fig. 8.6) made of circular plates each of radius R = 6.0 cm has a capacitance C = 10...
Class XII Political Science Politics in India Since Ind... 1 h n J i u : i r C Inthischapter… The first few years in the life of independent India were full of challenges. Some of the most pressing ones conce...
Class XII Political Science Politics in India Since Ind... 1 that the government will be run for the good of all, particularly the poor and the socially disadvantaged groups. Now that the country was independ...
Class XII Political Science Politics in India Since Ind... 1 challenge was to establish democracy. You have 14 August 1947, already studied the Indian Constitution. You know that the Kolkata. Constitution gra...
Class XII Political Science Politics in India Since Ind... 1 at the events that formed the context of Independence. This can help us understand why the issue of national unity and security became a primary ch...
Class XII Political Science Politics in India Since Ind... 1 Asia in the twentieth century. We should begin to work in that spirit and in course of time all these angularities of the majority and minority com...
Class XII Political Science Politics in India Since Ind... 1 Turning each flute’s bamboo-shoot, into a deadly snake … She was active in writing and editing ‘Nagmani’ a Punjabi monthly Translation of an extrac...
Class XII Political Science Politics in India Since Ind... 1 and ‘Pakistan’. Such a division was not only very painful, but also very difficult to decide and to implement. It was decided to follow the princip...
Class XII Political Science Politics in India Since Ind... 1 Bengal! This was related to the fourth and the most intractable of all the problems of partition. This was the problem of ‘minorities’ on both Repr...
Class XII Political Science Politics in India Since Ind... 1 brought the running train to a halt. Sikhs stayed away from areas of Muslim People belonging to the other community predominance. were pulled out a...
Class XII Political Science Politics in India Since Ind... 1 partition — as a ‘division of hearts’. The partition was not merely a division Gandhi in Noakhali (now in Bangladesh) in 1947. of properties, liabi...
Class XII Political Science Politics in India Since Ind... 1 between an impulse to Parsis and Jews)? The partition had to stay back. A decisive momente already created severe conflict between comes when Salim...
Class XII Political Science Politics in India Since Ind... 1 Delhi where large scale violence had erupted. He was deeply concerned about ensuring that Muslims should be allowed to stay in India with dignity, ...
Class XII Political Science Politics in India Since Ind... 1 him shelter c and kept him in hiding for several days. They helped him find some a relatives and that is how he managed to cross the border and sta...
Class XII Political Science Politics in India Since Ind... 1 the ruler of Travancore announced that the state had decided on Independence. The Nizam Reprint 2026-27 ChallengesofNationBuilding 15 Note: This il...
Class XII Political Science Politics in India Since Ind... 1 togetherinthegeneral different administrations. interest,anarchyandchaos The government’s approach was guided by three considerations. willoverwhel...
Class XII Political Science Politics in India Since Ind... 1 meantime, a movement of the people of Hyderabad State against the Nizam’s rule gathered force. Prime Minister and first Home The peasantry in the T...