Class name Subject Book title Chapter number Content Created at
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 RI> RBr> RCl> RF. This is because with the increase in size and mass of halogen atom, the magnitude of van der Waal forces increases. Fig. 6.1: Com...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 1. Nucleophilic substitution 6.7.1 Reactions of 2. Elimination reactions 3. Reaction with metals. Haloalkanes (1)Nucleophilic substitution reaction...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 in two different ways [ C”N « :C=N ], i.e., linking through Chemistry 170 Reprint 2026-27 Haloalkanes react with KCN to form alkyl cyanides as main...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 and a new bond is formed between mechanism for an S 2 carbon and attacking nucleophile. Here it is C-O bond formed between reaction. N C and -OH. T...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 Since this reaction requires the approach of the nucleophile to the Ingold and earned a D.Sc. degree from the carbon bearing the leaving group, the...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 the rate of reaction. In case of alkyl halides, 3 alkyl halides undergo S 1 reacNion very fast because of the high stability of 3 carbocations. We ...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 of greater electron donating inductive effect of (CH ) CH- group. Ther3 2re, (CH ) CHCH Br is more reactive than CH CH CH CH Br in S 1 reactions. 3...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 certain compounds. Such compounds are called optically active compounds. The angle William Nicol (1768- by which the plane polarised light is rotat...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 stereocentre. solutions. The resulting molecule would lack symmetry and is referred to as asymmetric molecule. The asymmetry of the molecule along ...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 carbocation formed in the slow step being sp 2 hybridised is planar (achiral). The attack of the nucleophile may be accomplished from either side o...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 An alkyl halide with b-hydrogen atoms when reacted with a base or a nucleophile has two competing routes: substitution (S 1 and S 2) and eliminatio...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 with Paul Sabatier who had made advances in nickel catalysed hydrogenation. In the Grignard reagent, the carbon-magnesium bond is covalent but high...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 177pm while in haloarene is 169 pm. Since it is difficult to break a shorter bond than a longer bond, therefore, haloarenes are less reactive than ...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 –NO group at meta-position. 183 Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Reprint 2026-27 2. Electrophilic substitution reactions Haloarenes undergo the usual ele...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 halide gives an alkylarene when treated with sodium in dry ether and is called Wurtz-Fittig reaction. Fittig reaction Aryl halides also give analog...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 safer anaesthetics, such as ether. As might be expected from its use as an anaesthetic, inhaling chloroform vapours depresses the central nervous s...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 contact. When carbon tetrachloride is released into the air, it rises to the atmosphere and depletes the ozone layer. Depletion of the 187 Haloalka...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 rapidly by animals; instead, it is deposited and stored in the fatty tissues. If ingestion continues at a steady rate, DDT builds up within the ani...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 dichloromethane, chloroform, iodoform, carbon tetrachloride, freon and DDT have many industrial applications. However, some of these compounds cann...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 C H Cl in br5gh9 sunlight. Identify the hydrocarbon. 6.6 Write the isomers of the compound having formula C H Br. 4 9 6.7 Write the equations for t...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 nBuBr + KCN nBuCN 6.16 Arrange the compounds of each set in order of reactivity towards S 2 N displacement: (i) 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane, 1-Bromopent...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 chlorobenzene is subjected to hydrolysis, (iv) ethyl chloride is treated with aqueous KOH, (v) methyl bromide is treated with sodium in the presenc...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 Unit Objectives Alcohols, Phenols After studying this Unit, you will be able to and Ethers • name alcohols, phenols and ethers according to the IUP...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 (CH 3H) while a phenol contains –OH group(s) directly attached to carbon atom(s) of an aromatic system (C 6 O5). The substitution of a hydrogen ato...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 Reprint 2026-27 Allylic and benzylic alcohols may be primary, secondary or tertiary. (ii) Compounds containing Csp2 OH bond: These alcohols contai...