Class name Subject Book title Chapter number Content Created at
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 6 plotting the logarithm of the number of viable cells versus the incubation time, which results in a curve with four distinct phases, namely lag, ex...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 6 explanation of the assertion. Microbial culture 165 Reprint 2025-26 (c) Assertion is true but reason is false. (d) Both assertion and reason are fa...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 7 Chapter 7 Plant Tissue Culture Plant tissue culture (PTC) refers to the cultivation of 7.1 Historical undifferentiated plant cells, tissues or orga...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 7 –70s, extensive studies were performed to improve the existing techniques for developing new methods to optimise the nutrient media components for ...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 7 vitamin B as growth supplement in plant tissue culture was 1934 reported by White. He could successfully establish continuous growing cultures from...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 7 Government of India for commercial production in India. 1993 Kranz and Lorz produced fertile maize plants through in vitro fertilisation. Plant tis...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 7 role in organogenesis. The process of formation of an embryo from somatic cells is called somatic embryogenesis. Resulting embryos are called somat...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 7 place onto the nutrient media (Fig. 7.1 (b)). Fig.7.1: Variousstagesofregenerationof tomatotissuecultureplant:(PhotoCourtesy:Dr.ManojSharma) (a) Ge...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 7 in small amounts (micro molar concentrations) and are categorised as micronutrients. These include boron (B), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), ...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 7 can be used to suppress the bacteria and antifungal agents for mould infections in cultures. The recipe of plant tissue culture media is usually di...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 7 as cell suspension culture. Single cells from the cell suspension culture can be used for genetic transformation studies, production of secondary m...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 7 are also called synthetic seeds or somatic seeds. Using nutrient media with suitable hormones, somatic embryos are produced on the callus tissue. T...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 7 of species barrier. Therefore, good characters from one species cannot be transferred to another species through sexual reproduction. Somatic hybri...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 7 serious or somatic cybrid plants. Protoplast A and B are from two problem, as the entire clonal population raised different plant species from infe...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 7 identified in several crops and have been released as new cultivars. Some of the examples are disease resistant sugarcane, banana and tomato, and i...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 7 Berberine Coptis japonica Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory 4. Capsaicin Capsicum annum (Chilli) Rheumatic pain treatment 5. Codeine Papaver sp. Ana...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 7 tissue culture media. 3. What are the general steps of plant tissue culture? 4. Describe various applications of plant tissue culture. 5. How are s...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 7 nuclei. (d) None of the above. 18. In vitro tissue culture can be used for the generation of: (a) Virus free plants (b) Somatic hybrid plants (c) S...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 8 Chapter Animal Cell Culture 8.1 Historical Animal cell culture is described as the in vitro maintenance Perspective and proliferation of animal cel...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 8 significantly. Generally, all the commercial media are formulated so as to have a final osmolality of approximately 300 mOsmol. Osmolality can be m...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 8 polio vaccine. Her cells were commercialised and have generated millions of dollars in profit for the medical researchers who patented her tissue. ...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 8 kind of cells to be cultured and on the requirement for culture, such as growth, differentiation and production of desired products like pharmaceut...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 8 salamander leucocytes Ross Harrison 1907 Published experiments showing frog embryo nerve fibre growth in vitro • Cultured connective tissue cells f...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 8 serum, because the exact and embryo and bone marrow composition of these Biological Plasma, serum, lymph, extract fluids amniotic fluid, and natura...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 8 growth factors and thus, cannot be used as stand alone for culture. • It may also contain cytotoxic compounds and some growth inhibiting factors th...